{"id":437,"date":"2022-12-01T04:07:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-01T03:07:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/?p=437"},"modified":"2022-12-01T11:23:09","modified_gmt":"2022-12-01T10:23:09","slug":"the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/","title":{"rendered":"The brutal murder of children was committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska, not UPA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Recently, a photo appeared on social media (in various variants), allegedly depicting victims of the Volhynia Massacre or other crimes committed by UPA\/OUN soldiers. The photo is accompanied by an anti-Ukrainian narrative, connecting historical events with the ongoing war in Ukraine and its social consequences.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Four<\/a>
Source: Telegram, “Antypropaganda” channel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The photo along with the anti-Ukrainian narrative appears not only on social media, but also on various forums, discussion groups or blogs.\u00a0On this website<\/a>\u00a0we can find a post from 11\u00a0June, 2022, in which this cruel act is attributed to UPA soldiers. (Caution! Drastic images.) So let’s take a closer look at the photo itself and the story that accompanies it.<\/p>\n

\n\t
Claim:<\/div>\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\tUkrainian nationalists are responsible for the gruesome crime presented in the photo.\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t
\n\t\t
Our rating:<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"False\"\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

False<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\tMore about our rating system: <\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n

Other contexts and image search<\/h2>\n

To find other references and contexts for this photo, we have used the image search method in the most popular search engines: Google, Bing and Yandex.<\/p>\n

\"Google<\/a>
Source: Google Graphics<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Bing<\/a>
Source: Bing VisualSearch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Yandex<\/a>
Source: Yandex.ru\/images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

As we can see, Google, Bing and Yandex all return results referring to the crimes committed by Ukrainian nationalists during the Second World War, or more specifically the Volhynia Massacre, such as\u00a0this entry<\/a>. However, we can also find references to a web page called\u00a0“Wianek i rysy. Sprawa Marianny Doli\u0144skiej”<\/a> (Wreath and Creases. The case of Marianna Doli\u0144ska).<\/p>\n

The case of Marianna Doli\u0144ska<\/h2>\n

The link directs to a scientific journal\u00a0Widok. Teorie i Praktyki Kultury Wizualnej<\/a>. The fact that the journal self-proclaims itself scientific does not prove its reliability and credibility. Recently, we described the problem of the so-called\u00a0predatory journals<\/a> on our website, so let’s check if the Widok. Teorie i Praktyki Kultury Wizualnej<\/em> magazine can be considered a reliable scientific journal.<\/p>\n

As we read on the journal’s website, it is subject to reviews, and the course of the review process is\u00a0described in detail on the page<\/a>. The journal is indexed on\u00a0EIRH+<\/a>,\u00a0EBSCO<\/a>, as well as on the\u00a0ministerial list<\/a>, where it received the score of 70 points. Therefore, the article published on the journal’s website can be considered a reliable source of scientific knowledge, subject to the review process in accordance with academic standards.<\/p>\n

The article entitled “Wianek i rysy. Sprawa Marianny Doli\u0144skiej<\/em>” (Wreath and Creases. The case of Marianna Doli\u0144ska) by Sara Herczy\u0144ska describes the true history of the photograph known as the “wreath of children”, which has been falsely used as an illustration of crimes committed by Ukrainian nationalists.<\/p>\n

\"wianuszek<\/a>
Source: \u201eWidok. Teorie i Praktyki Kultury Wizualnej\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In fact, the photo dates back to 1923 and was taken by a police photographer. As we read in the article, on the night of 11-12 December in the village of Antoni\u00f3wka near Radom, a 32-year-old Romani (a Roma woman)\u00a0Marianna Doli\u0144ska hanged four of her children.<\/strong>\u00a0As she later claimed, her extremely difficult social and living situation forced her to kill her children in an attempt to save them from starvation.<\/p>\n

After being arrested, Doli\u0144ska was under observation at the hospital in Tworki, where she was diagnosed with delusions, visual hallucinations, mental limitations, apathy and depression. Manic-depressive disease was diagnosed only in the middle of 1926, when the patient experienced an “episode of frenzy-morbid psychosis”. It was also stated that\u00a0her act was an attempt to commit murder-suicide. According to the doctors from Tworki hospital, the woman initially wanted to kill the children first and then herself, but ultimately failed to do so. In 1928, Doli\u0144ska died and was buried in a hospital cemetery.<\/p>\n

\"Zdj\u0119cie<\/a>
\u201eRocznik Psychiatryczny\u201d, Zeszyt VII, s. 23.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Fragment<\/a>
\u201eRocznik Psychiatryczny\u201d, Zeszyt VII, s. 24.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The story of Marianna Doli\u0144ska was described by Witold \u0141uniewski in his article\u00a0Psychoza sza\u0142owo-pos\u0119pnicza w kazuistyce s\u0105dowo-psychiatrycznej<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>(Psychosis in Forensic Psychiatry) published in\u00a0Rocznik Psychiatryczny (Polish Psychiatric Association’s journal) in 1928:<\/em><\/p>\n

A very similar photo appeared twenty years later in \u201ePodr\u0119cznik medycyny s\u0105dowej dla student\u00f3w i lekarzy<\/em>\u201d (Textbook of Forensic Medicine for Students and Doctors) by Wiktor Grzywo-D\u0105browski. As we read on page 406:<\/p>\n

The following case was described by \u0141uniewski:<\/p>\n

In 1923, a 32-year-old gypsy woman hanged her four children aged from 6 months to 7 years on a tree in a field, and then reported to the police on the next day. She claimed that she did that because after the dispersion of a local gypsy group, she found herself destitute and thus wanted to save her children from starvation. Examination and observation in a psychiatric hospital showed that she committed the crime in a state of severe periodic psychosis during a period of deep depression (Figure 528).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

And further, on page 408, there is a picture to which the above quote refers:<\/p>\n

\"\"
Rocznik Psychiatryczny, Zeszyt VII, s. 408.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In his Manual, Grzywo-D\u0105browski refers to \u0141uniewski’s text published in\u00a0Rocznik Psychiatryczny<\/em>. Witold \u0141uniewski was the director of the\u00a0Psychiatric Hospital in Tworki in the years 1919-1940<\/a>, and thus had direct access not only to the files of Marianna Doli\u0144ska, but also to the patient herself. Doli\u0144ska died in 1928 and was buried in the hospital graveyard.<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, all the files, documents and medical records from those years, as well as the graveyard itself, did not survive World War II. According to the administration of the facility, the Tworki Hospital was the only operating psychiatric hospital in the occupied Polish territories during the war and was controlled by the occupying troops, who destroyed all traces of the hospital’s previous activities.<\/p>\n

This thesis is confirmed in the study\u00a0Zag\u0142ada chorych psychicznie: pami\u0119\u0107 i historia<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(Extermination of the mentally ill: memory and history) under the editorship of prof. Tadeusz Nasierowski. According to Nasierowski, the functioning of the Tworki Hospital during the German occupation was intended to hide the\u00a0mass extermination of psychiatric patients, known as Aktion T-4.<\/a><\/p>\n

However, thanks to\u00a0the indexation program of civil status records<\/a>\u00a0implemented by the Polish Genealogical Society, a digital version of the parish books is available, in which there is a record of Marianna Doli\u0144ska’s death and burial place.<\/p>\n

Therefore, it seems that the case of Marianna Doli\u0144ska has been solved.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ksi\u0119gi Parafii Pruszk\u00f3w-\u017bbik\u00f3w<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Wydaje si\u0119 wi\u0119c, \u017ce sprawa Marianny Doli\u0144skiej zosta\u0142a rozwi\u0105zana.<\/p>\n

Disinformation, fake news and anti-Ukrainian narratives<\/h2>\n

A photograph depicting the gruesome act committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska was used repeatedly for manipulation, disinformation or, in modern language, to create fake news.<\/p>\n

The first documented case of using the photograph to spread disinformation is an article published in\u00a0Kurier Warszawski on 2\u00a0July, 1941<\/a>\u00a0(!).\u00a0The magazine used the photograph to describe Bolshevik crimes that were to be discovered by the Polish Army in 1919, i.e. four years before the actual murder.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Zdj\u0119cie<\/a>
Kurier Warszawski nr 154, 2 lipca 1941 r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In the article\u00a0Wianek i rysy. Sprawa Marianny Doli\u0144skiej<\/em>,\u00a0Herczy\u0144ska claims that it is not known exactly for what reason and at what exact moment this photograph was associated with the crimes of the UPA. The oldest article she managed to find dates back to 1993. A short mention was published in the Wroc\u0142aw magazine “Na Rubie\u017cy” (On the Crossroads) issued by the Stowarzyszenie Upami\u0119tnienia Ofiar Zbrodni Ukrai\u0144skich Nacjonalist\u00f3w (Association for the Remembrance of Victims of Crimes committed by Ukrainian Nationalists), where Doli\u0144ska\u2019s children were described as “Polish children tortured and murdered by a unit of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) near the village of Koz\u00f3w, in the Ternopil Voivodeship, in the autumn of 1943.”<\/p>\n

The photograph became so strongly associated with the crimes of the UPA that it even found its way to the cover of an album\u00a0Ludob\u00f3jstwo UPA na ludno\u015bci polskiej. Dokumentacja fotograficzna<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Aleksander Kroman<\/a>, published by Nortom.<\/p>\n

\"Ok\u0142adka<\/a>
Source: Nortom.pl<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In Przemy\u015bl, an element modelled on the photo of Doli\u0144ska’s children was added to the monument commemorating the victims of the UPA’s crime:<\/p>\n

\"Pomnik<\/a>
Monument in Przemysl<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

The aforementioned part of the monument was\u00a0dismantled on the order<\/a>\u00a0of the deputy president of Przemy\u015bl. At this point, it is worth recalling another contemporary manipulation attempt:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Source: Telegram<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

This is a double manipulation because the photo of Doli\u0144ska’s children was also used to spread disinformation. The author of this fake news is not only trying to attribute responsibility for the crime against children to Ukrainian nationalists from World War\u00a0II, but also the responsibility for tying people to street posts to contemporary extreme Ukrainian movements. A gloomy joke of history is the fact that both pictures depict people of Romani origin, an underprivileged group whose voice is absent from public discussion. We wrote about the practice of attaching people to street posts on our website \u2013 a full analysis can be found\u00a0here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Summary<\/h2>\n

Some images documenting individual, personal tragedies are used in a discourse related to collective memory to the extent that they become detached from the actual situations they present, and become symbols of topics such as “war crimes” or simply “human evil”. The loss of the original context can then be used to spread disinformation, create fake news and broadly understood manipulation.<\/p>\n

It is worth remembering that it is much easier to use such photos in disinformation activities, as no one will claim them anymore. That is why it is so important to recall the proper context of the photo depicting the crime committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n

CorwdTangle: https:\/\/apps.crowdtangle.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Histmag.org: https:\/\/histmag.org\/Eugenika-eksperymenty-na-ludziach-i-ludobojstwo.-Lekarze-w-sluzbie-III-Rzeszy-22369<\/a><\/p>\n

Ksi\u0119gi Parafialne Parafii Pruszk\u00f3w-\u017bbik\u00f3w: https:\/\/metryki.genealodzy.pl\/metryka.php?ar=2&zs=0080d&sy=6055&kt=2&plik=070-075.jpg#zoom=1.5&x=2142&y=1842<\/a><\/p>\n

Kurier Warszawski: https:\/\/polona.pl\/item\/nowy-kurier-warszawski-1941-nr-154-2-lipca,NzkyMjAwMA\/0\/#info:metadata<\/a><\/p>\n

Nortom.pl: https:\/\/nortom.pl\/product\/ludobojstwo-upa-na-ludnosci-polskiej-dokumentacja-fotograficzna-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Nowiny24: https:\/\/nowiny24.pl\/ogolocony-pomnik-ofiar-upa\/ar\/6020041<\/a><\/p>\n

Rocznik Psychiatryczny: https:\/\/pbc.gda.pl\/dlibra\/doccontent?id=53110<\/a><\/p>\n

Szpital Tworkowski: https:\/\/tworki.eu\/<\/a><\/p>\n

TrackMyHashTag: https:\/\/www.trackmyhashtag.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Widok. Teorie i Praktyki Kultury Wizualnej: https:\/\/www.pismowidok.org\/pl\/archiwum\/2019\/24-de-formacje\/wianek-i-rysy.-sprawa-marianny-dolinskiej<\/a><\/p>\n

Grzywo-D\u0105browski, W. (1948). Podr\u0119cznik medycyny s\u0105dowej dla student\u00f3w i lekarzy.\u00a0<\/em>Warszawa: Lekarski Instytut Naukowo Wydawniczy.<\/p>\n

Nasierowski, T., Herczy\u0144ska, G., & Myszka, D. M. (2012). Zag\u0142ada chorych psychicznie.\u00a0Pami\u0119\u0107 i historia.<\/em> Warszawa: Eneteia.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\"European\n<\/picture>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Recently, a photo appeared on social media (in various variants), allegedly depicting victims of the Volhynia Massacre or other crimes committed by UPA\/OUN soldiers. The photo is accompanied by an anti-Ukrainian narrative, connecting historical events with the ongoing war in Ukraine and its social consequences. The photo along with the anti-Ukrainian narrative appears not only […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[12],"class_list":["post-437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-ukraine"],"acf":{"teza":"Ukrainian nationalists are responsible for the gruesome crime presented in the photo.","url":"https:\/\/t.me\/demontazusrojstwakluczem19\/3442","autor":"Various","data":"19930101","ocena":"Fa\u0142sz"},"yoast_head":"\nThe brutal murder of children was committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska, not UPA - Fakenews.pl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Recently, a photo appeared on social media (in various variants), allegedly depicting victims of the Volhynia Massacre or other crimes committed by\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The brutal murder of children was committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska, not UPA - Fakenews.pl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recently, a photo appeared on social media (in various variants), allegedly depicting victims of the Volhynia Massacre or other crimes committed by\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Fakenews.pl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-01T03:07:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-01T10:23:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/12\/dolinska.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1140\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"602\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marcin \u017b\u00f3\u0142towski\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marcin \u017b\u00f3\u0142towski\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Marcin \u017b\u00f3\u0142towski\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/26c9f803d14379b54f541097d1919cbf\"},\"headline\":\"The brutal murder of children was committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska, not UPA\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-01T03:07:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-01T10:23:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\"},\"wordCount\":1812,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/12\/dolinska.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Ukraine\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fakenews.pl\/en\/general\/the-brutal-murder-of-children-was-committed-by-marianna-dolinska-not-upa\/\",\"name\":\"The brutal murder of children was committed by Marianna Doli\u0144ska, not UPA - 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Fake news, disinformation, manipulation. 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